give me cruelty, ice-cold Artemis, give me the running blood
of those who have hurt me. Let me cut as deep
as I must; let me have no compassion for those
who do not deserve it. Let my vengeance be known
for centuries, as the name of Actaeon rang
for a thousand years.
give me judgment, steel-sharp Artemis, let me know
the heart of each man and the way
to pierce it with iron. Let me burn, Phosphoros,
each rope that binds me and let me sing, Keladeinê,
a song that will shake the walls of the world.
when I am lost, Sôteira, wrap me in the fur
and the sinew of the wilds. Unbury my predator’s heart
and I will lose myself anew, and find again the home
that comes from homelessness. when I am tired,
Sôteira, keep me icy-clear and gold. when I am weak
remind me of the power and the glory of the moment
we spill blood on the snow.
When Artemis comes it is with fire. Phaesphoria travels as if on the Sun chariot, holding soft wood wrapped in bark, smoke streaming from between Her fingers. She touches girls with burning fingers, scorching streaks into their hair. They dance in the light of a thousand bonfires, and they are fire-keepers, and they shelter beneath hemlocks, pine sap sticky on their fingers.
When She comes it is with fire. The scent of smoke precedes the scent of blood and steel; the deer, felled swiftly, roasts on a spit. She teaches girls how to keep warm with only flint and steel, only a magnifying glass, only one match. She blesses the plants of the forests with tinder, tells Her people that they will burn, and burn easily. She holds fire in her palms. She holds power in her fingertips. She holds life in her hands.
In the winter, Artemis etches smoke onto the sky, delighting in the way the sun sparks over frost. In the winter, Artemis tracks down rabbits in the deep snow, and eats them hot from the fire. In the winter, Artemis blesses the houses of the pious with the fire they need for survival.
In the spring, Artemis burns away the mud, relishing firm ground beneath Her running feet. Artemis-Hekate lights the way to the forest’s most prosperous season. Artemis hunts and kills and always She burns, in the light of each and every sunrise.
Artemis Ephesia, also known as Artemis of Ephesus/Ephesos, is a form of Artemis that was worshiped in the city of Ephesos in Ionia, now modern-day Turkey. Her temple in Ephesos was considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and her cult one of the most widespread. The Ephesians always considered her unique to the city, but there were shrines and temples to Ephesia in many other places throughout Asia Minor and beyond.
Callimachus in his Hymn to Artemis attributed the Temple of Artemis to the Amazons. No matter who created it, it was built and destroyed three times, the third temple being the one designated as one of the Wonders of the World. Today only ruins remain at the original site.
Model of the Temple of Artemis as seen in Istanbul, Turkey
It is likely that the cult of Artemis Ephesia stemmed from that of a previous local goddess, which made Ephesia unique compared to the typical face of Artemis, sister of Apollon. The original cult statue of Artemis Ephesia was made of wood, which has not survived. What has survived are marble copies, mostly copies from the Roman period. However, you can see that her iconography is rather archaic and was influenced greatly from the pre-Hellenic cult that existed in the same area. That being said, most of the worshipers of Ephesia did not necessarily consider her to be a separate goddess as modern practitioners and scholars tend to.
Artemis Ephesia is shown standing straight up, as if a pillar, with her feet pointing outwards from the bottom and he arms outstretched. She wears the mural crown representing the city walls of Ephesos on her head. She is covered in animals, including bees, bulls, lions, griffins, and stags as well as other animals.
The most defining aspect of her is the multiple protuberances on her body. They have been theorized to represent multiple breasts, drops of amber, bull testicles, eggs, even beehives, but the true nature of them is unknown. Their likely representations as icons of her fertility is apparent, but the exact origin and identity of the objects is unknown at this time.
Artemis from Ephesos Roman marble copy of Greek original Vatican Museum
As for her character, Artemis Ephesia is a goddess mainly of fertility and the earth, representing the nourishing aspects of nature. She is greatly associated with animals, particularly bees, which were a symbol of the city itself. She was savior and mother to those who lived in Ephesos and to those who worshiped her.
Her cult existed several hundred years into the growth of Christianity, to the point where Ephesos and the goddess of that city is mentioned within the Bible. The third temple was destroyed in 262 CE by the Goths, and many in the city turned to Christianity rather than rebuild the temple for a fourth time.
Hey hey, all you lovely people! First of all, thank you to all who liked and/or reblogged my last recording, it means a lot! I wasn’t expecting much of a reaction from Tumblr since I don’t have many followers, but I was very pleased to see that my post found its way to a fair number of you. And really, so long as what I do is useful or meaningful to at least one person, I’m happy 🙂
For the second recording of my project, I’ve chosen the Orphic Hymn to Artemis. I’ve been her devotee for eight years now, so this text is very close to my heart. I hope you enjoy it. I’ve tried to fix a few issues I had in the previous video, particularly the rhythm and the distinction between long and short vowels. Again, please let me know if you have any suggestions for further recordings!
Hear me, queen, many-named daughter of Zeus, Titanian, resounding, illustrious, arrow-bearing, holy, visible to all, torch-bearing, Huntress Goddess who ensnares, presiding at birth, assistant in childbirth and uninitiated into childbirth, you with the undone belt, lover of madness, huntress, disperser of troubles, fast-running, arrow-shooting, lover of the hunt, you who wander at night, welcome at every door, liberator, shaped like a man, Upright, you who hasten childbirth, divine nurse to mortal children, immortal, chthonian, killer of wild beasts, good-fortuned, you rule the mountain forests, tracker of stags, holy, sovereign, queen of all, forever possessing beautiful youth, wood-dwelling, protectress of dogs, Kydonian, ever-changing; come, saviour Goddess, welcoming friend to all initiates, to bring us the beautiful fruits of the earth and pleasant peace and beautiful-haired health; and may you send to the summits of the mountains sickness and suffering.
A few insights:
Artemis having an undone belt, λυσίζωνε, refers to her role in childbearing. In Ancient Greece (as in most cultures, I’d wager), women would loosen or undo their clothing while giving birth.
Orthia, Upright, is a Spartan and Arcadian epithet of Artemis.
while I translated ὀλβιόμοιρε as “good-fortuned”, it literally means “being assigned a happy fate” (ὄλβιος: happy, blessed + μοῖρα: portion assigned by destiny). This term is probably used in opposition to θηροκτόνε, “killer of wild beasts”. Artemis has the power to kill, but she herself was assigned immortality.
in ἣ κατέχεις ὀρέων δρυμούς, “you rulethe mountain forests”, the verb for “rule” can also mean “inhabit” or “preserve” (as well as a dozen other translations which don’t fit into the context). Artemis not only fills the forests entirely, but protects them and keeps them intact.
θάλος, youth, is a metaphor. In its original meaning, the word describes the freshness of a new plant, which I think fits nicely into Artemis’ imagery.
Artemis, sovran of all creatures, drives an antlered car drawn by stags. […] (She is) standing in her golden chariot […] driving off with her fast-trotting deer over the hills and far away to some rich-scented sacrifice.”
Have your lunar Artemis if you want. Just don’t misrepresent where it comes from.
Goddamn I’m sick of this.
YES LIKE it is 100% ok to worship a lunar, later period Artemis. Just don’t equate her to all Artemis.
Totally! The moon stuff might not be my jam, but it’s historically legit so people should go for it if they feel it.
However, they shouldn’t say it comes from earlier than it does, and they shouldn’t say that it applies to all polytheists who worship Artemis. Like that’s when I get out my sources that start talking about how that wasn’t the original character of Artemis. Because people use the evidence they have in favor of it to try to force it on everyone else, so then I have to do damage control so that the people who don’t feel that don’t feel invalidated by those statements.
I’m a Revivalist style Hellenic, so what I’d do isn’t necessarily what other people would do, but I do maintain an altar to our lady Artemis! Creating an altar for a Greek deity is generally a matter of assembling a center focus (such as a statue, candle, plate, etc) which is representative of the deity, then surrounding it with either (or some, or all) offerings or decorations that are pleasing to the deity, a place to put the offerings, or tools and items for use in ritual specific to that deity (such as khernips or blessed water, usually things to cleanse the self or space). It can be quite a freeform exercise. For Artemis specifically, you’d take into account her preferences and priorities: She’s big on nature, and would like ethically sourced herbs and plants; her sacred animals were the bear and the stag, so iconography like antler-shaped candle holders, or a soft false bear pelt as an altar cloth, would be totally appropriate. Here is a wonderful list of offerings to Artemis, and more of her favorites and symbols can be found on her Theoi page.
As for worship, each devotee or polytheist has their own way! If you’re looking to start worshipping or respecting Artemis in a Hellenic Polytheist way, here is a great guide from pomegranateandivy with tons of links on how to get started. If you’re interested in worshipping her in a neo-Wiccan, solitary, or other contexts, you may like to check in with some of her followers.
Personally, my altar to Artemis is on top of a natural wood dresser, with a matching rough natural wood box (that I’ve pentagrammed up… personal practice!), and two silver candle holders in the shape of roots/antlers. There’s also a very small glass jar on the left for tealight candles when I’m doing devotionals or giving offerings (or anything that doesn’t require the whole shebang to be lit). If I have an offering to her that can’t go directly on the wood/dresser, I have a small bowl that I place right in front of the box. I had a much more decorated altar before this one, but for some reason, the minimalism feels pretty good.
I’m still really quite upset that Theoi is not as accurate as I always relied on it being. Or, rather, that the sources that Theoi uses that are not primary sources sometimes have inaccuracies in them.
Case in point: Theoi has a list of epithets on Artemis’ page that are taken from the Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Let’s take a look at one that vexed me this week.
MELISSA (Melissa), a surname of Artemis as the goddess of the moon, in which capacity she alleviates the suffering of women in childbed. (Porphyr. De Antr. Nymp,. p. 261.)
Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.
However, I know from writing The Beeoi that ‘Melissa’ literally means ‘bee’.
μέλισσα1μέλι I.a bee, Lat. apis, Hom., etc. 2.one of the priestesses of Delphi, Pind.II.= μέλι, honey, Soph. Source:
Where does ‘bee’ fit into goddess of the moon? I wasn’t necessarily arguing, but I decided to check the source of that epithet. That brought me to De antro nympharum by Porphyrius.
Quin & mulieres Cereris facerdotes, tanquam inferorum Deæ Antistites, olim apellatæ funt apes, & filia ejus Proserpina mellita. Præterea Luna generationis regina, apis nomenclaturam apud priscos habebat, Sed alia quoque ratione: invehitur enim tauro, & exaltatio Lunaæ taurus Est. Apes vero e bubus procreantur, inde.
Unless you know a language related to Latin or Latin itself, that’s going to be a bit difficult to read, so let’s find a translation:
8. The priestesses of Ceres, also, as being initiated into the mysteries of the terrene Goddess, were called by the ancients bees; and Proserpine herself was denominated by |24 them honied. The moon, likewise, who presides over generation, was called by them a bee, and also a bull. And Taurus is the exaltation of the moon. But bees are ox-begotten.
Basically it said “The moon [Artemis] was called by the ancients a bee and also a bull.”
This was even more confusing.
How does the definition of the epithet given by the Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology?
Poryphrius called Artemis the moon, yes, but he didn’t state that the epithet of Melissa referred to her as goddess of the moon. He just said that she, going by the name of the Moon/Luna (probably Artemis-Selene, if you want to be specific) was also called ‘bee’, which would be Melissa in Greek.
My best guess as to what happened? The secondary source misinterpreted what Porphyrius was saying and drew conclusions that didn’t match the meaning of the epithet itself.
Lesson learned: always check the sources of your sources.
What that’s actually saying is this:
Porphyrius: Priestesses of Demeter (Ceres via interpretatio Romana) were called Bees.
Porphyrius: These priestesses also referred to Persephone as The Honied One.
Porphyrius: These priestesses also called the moon a Bee because a) bees are associated with creation of life and honey, which never goes bad, is associated with immortality; and b) because the moon never dies but always returns, and is associated with cycles of crop generation as well as cycles of life.
(Porphyrius’ side note regarding bulls: there was an old belief that bees were born magically out of bovine carcasses, because bees tended to make hives in those carcasses and sometimes humans jump to conclusions. So bulls give birth to bees. Astrologically, the sign Taurus is the constellation in which the Moon is exalted. So bulls, and deities associated with bulls, automatically have bee, and therefore lunar, associations.)
Not Porphyrius: we know that Artemis was given the epithet “Melissa,” meaning “bee,” in various iterations of Her cultus.
By associative property: Artemis has connections, via bees, to the moon, and via the moon, to the bulls that give “birth” to the bees, AND, via bees and bulls and the moon, to the creation of new life.
has anyone read The Mysteries of Artemis of Ephesos: Cult, Polis, and Change in the Greco-Roman World by Guy Rogers? any reviews?
I’m currently reading it; all experience thus far has made me like it a lot. Get it through Interlibrary Loan to check it out if you’re not sure if you want to shell out the cash.