Letoon was a sanctuary of Leto, mother of Apollo and Artemis, near the ancient city Xanthos that was one of the most important religious centers of the Lycia in Anatolia. Archaeological finds at the site date back to the late sixth century BC, before the Greek cultural hegemony in Lycia.
In Greek mythology, Leto is a daughter of the Titans Coeus and Phoebe and the sister of Asteria. The island of Kos (Turkey) is claimed as her birthplace.
According to a legend told by Ovid, the nymph Leto was loved by Zeus and gave birth to their twin, Artemis and Apollo on the island of Delos. Zeus’ jealous wife Hera pursued Leto and chased her with the twins to Anatolia where she came to the place of Letoon. Here she tried to quench her thirst at a spring but local shepherds attempted to chase her from the water – until she turned them into frogs in retaliation.
Another story gives the twins’ birthplace as the source of the Xanthos River and another story says that wolves helped her find the Xanthos River. In gratitude she named the country Lycia: Lykos is Greek for wolf.